10 Largest Lakes in Canada and Their Importance

Meta Description:

Canada is home to an impressive number of lakes, with nearly 31,752 lakes larger than three square kilometers. Six of the world’s ten largest lakes by surface area are found here, highlighting the country’s wealth of freshwater resources. In fact, almost 9% of Canada’s total area is covered by freshwater, accounting for 20% of the world’s total freshwater supply. These lakes are much more than scenic spots for recreation and are vital to the country’s ecosystems and economy. 

The largest lakes in Canada provide essential habitats for wildlife, support the fishing and tourism industries, and serve as important resources for water management. Canada’s lakes are not just natural wonders; they are lifelines for both the environment and the communities that depend on them. Their role in sustaining life and supporting the economy makes them a key feature of the country’s natural landscape.

Which Are the 10 Largest Lakes in Canada?

Let’s explore 10 of Canada’s largest lakes:

• Lake Superior (82,100 km2 )
• Lake Huron (59,600 km2)
• Great Bear Lake (31,328 km2)
• Great Slave Lake (28,568 km2)
• Lake Erie (25,700 km2)
• Lake Winnipeg (24,387 km2)
• Lake Ontario (18,960 km2)
• Lake Athabasca (7,850 km2)
• Reindeer Lake (6,650 km2)
• Smallwood Reservoir (6,527 km2) 

1. Lake Superior (82,100 km2 )

Lake Superior, the largest lake in Canada and the world’s largest freshwater lake by surface area covers an immense 82,100 square kilometers, with 28,750 square kilometers located in Canada and the remainder in the United States. Known for its breathtaking natural scenery and clear, clean waters, Lake Superior reaches depths of up to 406 meters and spans 563 kilometers in length and 257 kilometers in width. 

Moreover, its pristine waters are home to a wide variety of fish, including lake trout, whitefish, and salmon, which are crucial to both local fishing industries and sport fishing enthusiasts. Beyond its natural beauty, Lake Superior plays a significant role in the local economy. The fishing industry has supported communities along the lake’s shores for generations, while tourism brings visitors seeking outdoor recreation like boating, fishing, and exploring its scenic shores. 

The lake is also a key player in the shipping industry, with its waters serving as the main transportation route for goods and commodities across the Great Lakes region. Lake Superior is more than just a massive body of water—it’s an ecological and economic cornerstone for the regions that border it, blending natural splendor with essential economic activities.

Also Explore: Largest Lakes in the United States 

2. Lake Huron (59,600 km2)

Lake Huron, the second-largest lake in Canada and the third-largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area spans 59,600 square kilometers, with 36,000 square kilometers located within Canadian territory. With a maximum depth of 229 meters, the lake stretches 332 kilometers in length and 295 kilometers at its widest point. Lake Huron is renowned for its crystal-clear waters and sandy beaches. It is a sought-after destination for visitors seeking serene, natural beauty and recreational activities like swimming and boating.

The lake’s clear waters also foster a thriving aquatic ecosystem, home to fish species like lake trout, whitefish, and salmon, which are essential to local fisheries and sport fishing industries. This biodiversity sustains the economy of many lakeside communities, where fishing is a vital source of livelihood. In addition to fishing, Lake Huron supports a robust tourism industry, attracting visitors with its natural landscapes and recreational opportunities. 

The lake is also vital to regional shipping, facilitating the movement of goods between the Great Lakes and beyond. Like Lake Superior, Lake Huron is a critical natural and economic resource, balancing ecological importance with its role in supporting local economies.

3. Great Bear Lake (31,328 km2)

Great Bear Lake, the third-largest lake entirely within Canada and the seventh-largest freshwater lake in the world, spans 31,328 square kilometers. Reaching depths of up to 446 meters, it ranks among the deepest lakes in North America. Located in the remote Northwest Territories, it is celebrated for its untouched natural beauty and vast wilderness, offering a glimpse into the pristine Arctic environment.

The lake’s ecological richness is particularly evident in its fish populations, which include lake trout, whitefish, and the lesser-known but locally important inconnu. These species play a critical role in the local ecosystem and are a key resource for nearby communities, where fishing is both a cultural tradition and a vital economic activity. The lake’s abundant fish stocks support commercial fishing operations and provide food security for residents.

Economically, Great Bear Lake’s remote location doesn’t hinder its importance. The fishing industry, paired with tourism, forms the backbone of the local economy. Tourists are drawn to the lake’s rugged beauty, its opportunities for sport fishing, and the chance to explore an untouched Arctic landscape. With activities like hiking and viewing the Northern Lights, Great Bear Lake serves as a destination for adventurers seeking solitude and natural splendor.

4. Great Slave Lake (28,568 km2)

Great Slave Lake is the deepest lake in North America and ranks as the fourth-largest lake in Canada. Covering an impressive area of 2,200 square kilometers, it plunges to a depth of 614 meters, making it a significant geological feature. Named after the Slavey First Nations, who were among the first to settle in the region after the last Ice Age, the lake has deep cultural and historical significance.

Today, several modern towns, including Yellowknife, Hay River, Dettah, and Behchoko, are situated along its shores. These communities rely on the lake for various economic activities, including fishing and transportation. The lake’s chief inlets are the Taltson, Hay, and Slave Rivers, while the Mackenzie River serves as its primary outlet, draining the lake’s waters into the Arctic Ocean.

Geographically, the lake presents a striking contrast to its surrounding landscapes. The western shores are covered with dense forests, providing a rich habitat for wildlife. In contrast, the eastern and northern shores feature tundra-like vegetation, reflecting the lake’s transition into more Arctic environments. This blend of ecosystems around Great Slave Lake adds to its unique natural appeal.

5. Lake Erie (25,700 km2)

Lake Erie, the fifth-largest lake in Canada and the tenth-largest freshwater lake in the world, covers 25,700 square kilometers, with nearly half of that (12,800 square kilometers) lying within Canadian borders. Unlike the other Great Lakes, Lake Erie is relatively shallow, reaching a maximum depth of just 64 meters. It stretches 388 kilometers in length and 92 kilometers in width, making it more accessible for a variety of activities.

One of Lake Erie’s most notable features is its warmer waters, which support a diverse and thriving aquatic ecosystem. The lake is well-known for its rich fishing opportunities, with species like walleye, perch, and bass drawing commercial and recreational fishers. This abundance of fish has made Lake Erie a prime location for anglers, particularly during fishing season when it becomes a hub of activity.

Beyond fishing, the lake’s economic significance extends to tourism, with its beaches, parks, and water sports attracting visitors year-round. Boating, swimming, and other water-based recreation provide both leisure and economic benefits to the surrounding communities. Lake Erie also plays a vital role in regional shipping, serving as a crucial route for transporting goods between the Great Lakes and other regions, further boosting its economic importance to both Canada and the United States.

Also Read: Biggest Companies in Canada

6. Lake Winnipeg (24,387 km2)

Lake Winnipeg is a major feature in Manitoba, Canada, and is the sixth-largest lake in Canada and the twelfth-largest freshwater lake in the world, spanning 24,514 square kilometers. Despite its vast size, the lake has a relatively shallow maximum depth of 36 meters. Its location in the province of Manitoba makes it a prominent landmark known for its striking natural beauty and thriving ecosystems.

The lake is renowned for its rich fish populations, which include walleye, sauger, and Lake Whitefish. These species are highly valued by both sport and commercial fishers, forming a cornerstone of the local economy and culture. Fishing is not only a recreational activity but also a vital economic driver, providing jobs and contributing to community life around the lake.

Tourism also plays a pivotal role in the region’s economy. Lake Winnipeg attracts visitors with its scenic vistas, opportunities for water sports, bird watching, and relaxing beach visits. Boating, hiking, and exploring nearby natural attractions draw tourists from across Canada and beyond, benefiting local businesses and services. Additionally, the lake’s historical significance as part of the fur trade route underscores its ongoing importance in regional transportation and commerce.

7. Lake Ontario (18,960 km2)

Lake Ontario is the seventh-largest lake in Canada and the thirteenth-largest freshwater lake globally, covering 18,960 square kilometers. The lake is almost equally divided between Canada and the United States, with Canada claiming 9,910 square kilometers. It reaches a depth of up to 244 meters, has a length of 311 kilometers, and is 85 kilometers wide, making it a significant component of the Great Lakes system.

Known for its natural beauty, Lake Ontario features vibrant waterscapes and beautiful shorelines. The lake supports a diversified range of fish species, such as salmon, trout, and bass, which attract both sport anglers and support the commercial fishing industry. This ecological richness enhances its appeal as a recreational destination.

Economically, Lake Ontario is vital to the communities along its shores. Tourism is a major contributor, with activities like boating, swimming, and waterfront dining drawing visitors. The lake also plays a key role in the shipping network, connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence Seaway. This strategic waterway facilitates the movement of goods and materials, bolstering both national and international trade and supporting regional economic growth.

8. Lake Athabasca (7,850 km2)

Lake Athabasca is a prominent feature in Canada, ranking as the eighth-largest lake in the country and the nineteenth-largest freshwater lake globally. Covering 7,850 square kilometers and reaching depths of up to 244 meters, it straddles the border between Saskatchewan and Alberta. This vast lake is a striking example of northern Canada’s pristine wilderness.

Renowned for its clear waters and rugged shorelines, Lake Athabasca is surrounded by dense forests, creating a breathtaking natural setting. Its diverse fish population, including lake trout, whitefish, and inconnu (shellfish), supports both commercial and recreational fishing, making it a vital resource for local economies and a cultural staple for nearby communities. Fishing not only provides livelihoods but also attracts anglers from various regions, enhancing the lake’s status as a prime fishing destination.

Tourism contributes significantly to the local economy, with activities such as fishing, kayaking, and hiking drawing visitors seeking a tranquil escape into nature. The lake’s remote location adds to its allure, offering unique experiences away from more crowded destinations. Conservation efforts are also crucial in maintaining the lake’s ecological health and scenic beauty, balancing economic benefits with environmental stewardship.

9. Reindeer Lake (6,650 km2)

Reindeer Lake, the ninth-largest lake in Canada and the twenty-first-largest freshwater lake globally, spans 6,650 square kilometers across the Saskatchewan-Manitoba border. This expansive lake is renowned for its stunning natural beauty and rich aquatic life, with depths reaching up to 244 meters.

The lake is home to a variety of fish species, including lake trout, northern pike, and walleye, which are essential for both recreational fishing and commercial enterprises. The abundance of fish makes Reindeer Lake a significant resource for local economies, supporting livelihoods and drawing anglers from near and far.

Tourism is a major economic driver around Reindeer Lake, with visitors attracted by opportunities for fishing, boating, and wildlife viewing. This influx supports local businesses, such as lodges and outfitters, contributing to the region’s economic health. Additionally, Reindeer Lake’s ecological importance is underscored by ongoing conservation efforts aimed at preserving its biodiversity and natural beauty. Responsible fishing practices and habitat protection are key to maintaining the lake’s health and ensuring its sustainability for future generations.

10. Smallwood Reservoir (6,527 km2) 

The Smallwood Reservoir, situated in the western part of Labrador in Newfoundland and Labrador, covers an impressive area of 6,527 square kilometers. It ranks as the world’s second-largest reservoir by surface area. The reservoir was formed by impounding the Churchill River, with its water levels regulated by a series of 88 dikes spanning 64 kilometers.

The reservoir is crucial for the Churchill Falls hydroelectric project, a major infrastructure endeavor that harnesses the reservoir’s vast water resources to generate electricity. Construction of the Smallwood Reservoir was a significant engineering feat, completed in just nine years from 1966 to 1974, five months ahead of schedule.

The creation of the reservoir involved extensive planning and execution, resulting in a vast water body that plays a pivotal role in the region’s energy production. Beyond its industrial significance, the reservoir also impacts the local environment and ecosystem, reflecting the balance between human engineering and natural landscapes in this remote part of Canada.

Also Read: Richest Cities in Canada

Conclusion

The largest lakes in Canada are much more than scenic landmarks; they are vital to the nation’s economy and ecology. These lakes offer invaluable resources for fishing, tourism, and industry, supporting local communities and driving economic growth. Their natural beauty draws visitors from around the globe, while their resources, such as fish and hydroelectric power, play a crucial role in sustaining the country’s ecological balance and economic vitality. As integral components of Canada’s landscape, these lakes are essential to both the country’s present and future well-being.

FAQs

How Many of the World’s Largest Lakes by Surface Area are Found in Canada?

Canada is home to six of the ten largest lakes in the world by surface area. These lakes include some of the most prominent freshwater bodies globally, showcasing Canada’s vast and diverse natural landscape.

Which City in Canada Has the Most Lakes?

The City of Greater Sudbury, located in Ontario, has the most lakes in Canada. Spanning a geographic area of 3,627 square kilometers, it is home to 330 lakes. Locally known as the City of Lakes, Greater Sudbury has more lakes than any other municipality in the country.

Which Is the Largest Lake in the World?

The Caspian Sea is the largest lake in the world in terms of surface area. Although referred to as a “sea,” it is actually a lake. The Caspian Sea covers approximately 371,000 square kilometers (143,000 square miles) and is bordered by several countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, and Azerbaijan.

Which Country Has More Lakes, Canada or the USA?

Canada has more lakes than the USA. It is home to more than 60% of the world’s 1.4 million lakes greater than 0.2 square miles, contributing to its reputation for its abundant and diverse freshwater resources.

What Is Canada’s Warmest Lake?

Canada’s warmest freshwater lake is Osoyoos Lake. Located in British Columbia, it experiences average water temperatures of 24°C (75°F) during July and August, making it the warmest lake in the country.